Biochemical responses revealed in an amphibian species after exposure to a forgotten contaminant: An integrated biomarker assessment

Vanadium is a metal whose toxicity towards terrestrial and aquatic species has been under-reported to date.. The biochemical responses of vanadium in amphibian species have not been determined. To establish the effects of vanadium (V) on exposed adult Xenopus laevis, acute and chronic exposures were conducted, and biomarker analyses were performed on liver and muscle tissues from exposed frogs. Biomarkers of exposure, such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and metallothioneins (MT), were analysed. Biomarkers of effect were also analysed to determine possible increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the effect of the exposure on the energy balance in the organisms. These included superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), protein carbonyls (PC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and cellular energy allocation (CEA) (energy available, energy consumption, lipids, proteins and glucose). In acute exposures, the energy balances in organisms were distinctly affected, possibly due to insulin mimetic properties of V. In chronic exposures, MT, AChE, SOD, CAT and GSH responses were more pronounced. Although AChE is generally inhibited by pollutant exposure, in this study, it was stimulated. There were significant inhibitions of SOD and CAT, previously observed in frog species. PC levels increased in the highest acute exposure concentration, indicating protein damage. The IBR.v2 revealed the biochemical responses of V more effectively than traditional statistical analysis.     

Reference measurements of mercury species in seafood using isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Species-specific isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SS ID ICP-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to obtain accurate and SI traceable results for methyl mercury in seafood samples such as clam, oyster and fish homogenate. The mass fractions of (62.3 ± 2.3) μg kg⁻¹, (5.44 ± 0.36) μg kg⁻¹ and (531 ± 19) μg kg⁻¹ were obtained for MeHg (as Hg) in IAEA-461, IAEA-470 and IAEA-476, respectively. Direct isotope dilution mass spectrometry was performed for total mercury content then the content of inorganic mercury in selected samples was obtained by calculation. It was found that the content of inorganic Hg in IAEA-461, IAEA-470, and IAEA-476 was as: 328 μg kg⁻¹, 16 μg kg⁻¹, and 62 μg kg⁻¹, respectively. Mathematical modelling of analytical procedure and evaluation of all parameters influencing final results were adequate for validation of measurement procedure, establishing traceability and estimating expanded uncertainty. Developed procedures were successfully applied in the characterization process of fish homogenate candidate reference material and in the calculation of assigned values in the frame of IAEA-476 inter-laboratory comparison study. Compatibility between obtained results and those derived from the certification campaign, organized by International Atomic Energy Agency on the same sample matrix (<2.6 % difference) further validated performed ID ICP-MS protocols.     

一次性湿热交换器在新生儿机械通气长途转运中应用的效果分析

目的探讨研究一次性湿热交换器在新生儿机械通气长途转运中应用的临床意义。方法 2017年1月-2017年12月,我院120转运中心长途转运接收786例机械通气新生儿,786例患儿随机分为常规气道护理(对照组)和转运途中应用一次性湿热交换器组(治疗组),对比转运过程中的吸痰次数、肉眼可见痰痂形成率、堵管发生率、脱管发生率、人机对抗发生率。结果研究数据显示治疗组吸痰次数、肉眼可见痰痂形成率、堵管发生率、脱管发生率、人机对抗发生率有显著性差异(P<0.05)明显低于对照组。结论在机械通气新生儿长途转运中,一次性湿热交换器的可减少转运患儿吸痰次数发生率、降低肉眼可见痰痂形成率、堵管发生率、脱管发生率、人机对抗发生率具有明显优越性,值得推广。     

高龄老年骨折患者手法固定后使用补气活血方的临床价值研究

目的:研究高龄老年骨折患者手法固定后使用补气活血方的临床价值。方法:纳入我院2017年1-12月收治的骨折患者共100例为研究对象,按照住院号单双数分组法分为观察组与对照组各50例,对照组实施手法固定后使用常规药物干预,观察组在对照组治疗方案基础上给予补气活血方,对比不同药物方案对患者骨折愈合时间、C反应蛋白(C-reactive Protein,CRP)及红细胞沉降率(Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate,ESR)水平、疼痛评分差异。结果:①两组治疗前CRP、ESR、白细胞介素(Interleukin,IL)-6及肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor Necrosis Factor,TNF-α)水平无统计差异(P>0.05),治疗后观察组患者指标水平优于对照组(P<0.05);②两组患者的疼痛评分治疗前无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后疼痛评分均下降,但观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且观察组的骨折愈合时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对高龄老年骨折患者使用手法固定联合补气活血方口服能够改善患者的骨折康复效果。     

天麻钩藤汤联合温胆汤治疗原发性高血压病合并头痛患者的效果及对生活质量评分、中医证候积分的影响

目的:探讨天麻钩藤汤联合温胆汤治疗原发性高血压病(Essential Hypertension,EH)合并头痛患者的效果。方法:选择2017年1月-2018年12月我院接收治疗的EH患者总共100例作为本次的研究对象,并按照随机的方法分为两组,即研究组(50例)及对照组(50例)。其中对照组的患者服用天麻钩藤汤,研究组的患者服用温胆汤合天麻钩藤汤;观察并记录两组的降压效果、中医证候积分以及生活质量测评表(Quality Of Life,QOL)-100评分。结果:给予治疗后,研究组及对照组的收缩压与舒张压均出现一定程度的下降,并且前组显著低于后组(P<0.05);研究组的QOL-100评分总分为(14.67±3.71)分,对照组的QOL-100评分总分为(11.75±3.16)分,前组的QOL-100评分显著高于后组(P<0.05);给予治疗后,研究组的中医证候积分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:在治疗EH患者的过程中,天麻钩藤汤联合温胆汤服用的降压效果非常理想,明显改善临床症状,可以广泛使用。     

肿瘤专科医院放疗患者新冠疫情期间的防控管理CSCD

新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情对肿瘤患者的常规诊疗造成影响。由于肿瘤患者免疫力低,为病毒易感人群,且预后差,特别是放疗患者需每天往返于病房与放疗机房之间,增加了病毒的感染机会,应是疫情防治的重点对象。我院作为肿瘤专科医院,在疫情暴发期间,做到了防控与收治两不误。在医院感控办指导下,成立院级及科级防控小组,采取一系列防控管理措施,如标准化培训及物理空间区域的划分、规范收治及放疗流程、可跟踪式闭环管理及人文关怀等。我院处在中国疫情最为严重的武汉,放疗中心在接诊患者的2月内,做到了患者及工作人员零感染,有效地防范了新冠肺炎,确保了放疗患者的安全及正常治疗。     

补肾活血壮骨汤对椎体压缩性骨折患者的临床疗效及骨代谢的影响

目的:探讨补肾活血壮骨汤对椎体压缩性骨折患者的临床疗效及骨代谢的影响。方法:收集我院骨伤科收治的椎体压缩性骨折患者70例,随机分为试验组和对照组,各35例。两组患者均接受椎体成形术(Percutaneous Vertebroplasty,PVP),对照组术后予以阿法骨化醇软胶囊;试验组在对照组的基础上予以补肾活血壮骨汤。两组均以4周为一个疗效,连续服用3个疗程。比较两组患者视觉模拟评分法(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)、椎体前壁高度(Anterior Vertebral Body Height,AVBH)、椎体后凸角度(Cobb)、骨密度(Bone Mineral Density,BMD)、血清骨钙素(BGP)、碱性磷酸酶(Alkaline Phosphatase,ALP)、I型前胶原氨基端肽(N-terminal Propeptide of Type I Procollagen,PINP)以及骨保护素(Osteoprotectin,OPG)水平。结果:治疗后两组VAS、Cobb、PINP低于治疗前,BGP、ALP、OPG、AVBH以及BMD高于治疗前(P<0.05);试验组VAS、Cobb、PINP低于对照组,BGP、ALP、OPG、AVBH以及BMD高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:补肾活血壮骨汤能够显著缓解患者疼痛,促进骨折愈合,改善脊柱功能以及骨密度,其治疗机制可能与调节骨代谢水平具有相关性。     

天灸罐联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经临床观察

目的:观察天灸罐联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经的临床疗效。方法:将90例寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经随机分为治疗组45例和对照组45例。对照组予少腹逐瘀汤治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用天灸罐治疗,均连续治疗5个月经周期。参照COX痛经症状量表(the Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale,CMSS)进行评价;测定两组治疗前后外周血中前列腺素F2a(Prostaglandin F2a,PGF2a)含量;比较两组痛经临床疗效。结果:总有效率组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组CMSS时间、程度及PGF2a含量治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:天灸罐联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经效果良好。     

清热排毒胶囊治疗湿热蕴结型急性痛风性关节炎临床观察

目的:观察清热排毒胶囊治疗急性痛风的临床疗效。方法:将80例急性痛风患者采用随机数字表法随机分为两组。对照组急性期给予秋水仙碱1 mg(3次/d),口服至疼痛明显好转后停用,缓解期给予别嘌醇片50 mg(3次/d)口服治疗。治疗组西医治疗同对照组,同时全程加服清热排毒胶囊(萆薢、土茯苓、延胡索、没药、三七、秦艽、薏苡仁、黄芪、甘草),每次4粒,3次/d。疗程均为4周。观察两组临床疗效、急性复发例数,以及血尿酸的水平变化。结果:治疗组治愈20例,好转18例,未愈2例,有效率为95.00%(38/40)。对照组治愈16例,好转20例,未愈4例,有效率为90.00%(36/40)。两组对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后两组中医证候积分均显著降低(P<0.01),但两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:清热排毒胶囊治疗急性痛风疗效显著。